John west



(No Mode1.)

J. WEST. Y TYPE CASTING PUMP.

N0'. 554,406. A Patented Feb. 11, 1896.`

muni" A nVIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIiIIII/IIIIII Il r 1 IlNTTsEn STATES PATENT Ormea.

JOIfIN VEST, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO THE INDESTRUCTIBLE TYPE COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE,

TYPE-CASTING PUMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 554,406, dated February 11, 1896.

` Application led June 1, 1895. Serial No. 551,367. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern,.-

Be it known that I, JOHN VEST, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Type-Casting Pumps; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to improvements in that class of pumps used by type-founders for injecting molten metal into type-casting machines, and has for its object to provide a pump or apparatus of this character with certain features that will permit of the use of a much harder type-metal than is possible under the ordinary arrangement.

The difficulty met with in attempting to cast type from a harder metal or alloy than is ordinarily used is that the molten metal I will adhere to the plunger or driver and other working parts and 'surfaces with which the metal has contact, causing the plunger and other parts to clog and stick in their Working position, thus rendering the operation impracticable. Under the ordinary arrangement the piston, the contracted cylindrical neck-passage through which it works, and the valve-plug closing the discharge-passage into the mold have been composed of metal.

The obj ecttherefore of this invention is to provide a pump-plunger and other moving parts and surfaces with which the molten metal has contact of a refractory and nonadhesive material or substance to which the molten metal will not adhere or have the effect of soldering the parts together and thus preventing successful working.

Mechanism for operating the pump is also shown in the drawings and set forth in the specification.

In the drawings, Figure lis an elevation of a pump apparatus embodying my improved features; Fig. 2, a vertical broken-away section through the metal-reservoir and wellchamber; Fig. 8, a detached elevation of a valve-plug; Fig. 4, a broken-away detail of construction; and Fig. 5, a horizontal section on line 5, Fig. 1,lookingin the direction indicated by the arrow.

A represents a casing; B, the metal-reser- `voir inclosed thereby, and B a supporting base, to the lower part of which is attached the pump-operating mechanism.

The inclosing base-support is open for the introduction of a gas or other burner B2 for the purpose of reducing the metal and maintaining it in the required molten or iiuid state. The relative position of the burner or heating attachment, with reference to the metal-holding reservoir, is indicated by dot ted lines in Fig. 2.

The pump plunger or piston C is composed of a carbon composition or other suitable nonmetallic or non-adhesive material to which the molten metal will not adhere or solder the plunger in its working passage. Some qualities of crucible material, fireclay and asbestos, the carbon compound used for electric lights, and other refractory materials have been found available.

The metal-reservoir is provided with a wellchamber D, having a neck-part extension a in which the plunger works. The plunger being necessarily close-f1tting in the cylindrical neck-passage to the well-chamber, it is obvious that the inclosing Wall of the neck or throat passage should be of the same or similar material as that entering into the composition of the plunger, or material of like expansion under the influence of heat. The cylindrical plungerpassage is therefore provided with a lining E, Figs. 2 and 5, co1n posed of carbon composition, or other nonmetallic material, that will resist the soldering or clogging action of the molten metal, no

matter how hard the type-metal or alloy may be; or the lining E may be of compressed asbestos or slag, or some material which contracts under heat, and thus maintain approximately the same plunger-pressure at varying temperature.

The soft type-metal that is ordinarily used will not adhere to a metal plunger or other working parts which the molten type-metal comes in contact with. I-Ience there was no necessity for an improved pump for `soft metal. The attempt, however, to successfully use a harder type-metal or alloy has always proved a failure for want of a pump that would successfully work ahard alloy. The

IOO

introduction of type-setting machines has made it desirable that a harder and more durable type be produced.

A nozzle F, through which the type-metal is injected into the casting-molds, (not shown,) is inserted in the casing at one side, Fig. 2, and communicates with a passage G leading outwardly from the wellchamber, and through which the metal is forced on its way to the mold by the action of the plunger. This nozzle is provided with a tapering passage c Jtherethrough. Into this passage through the nozzle, from the inner side, is loosely inserted the correspondin gly-tapering end of a valve-plug a2, adapted to have a reciprocating endwise movement in opening and closing the passage through the nozzle coincident with the movement of the pumpplunger, and prevent any outflow of the metal when the molds have receded and the plunger is on the upstroke. This valve-plug is also composed of the same or like quality of material entering into the composition of the plungerand its inclosing wall.

It is obvious that the neck part through which the plunger works may be made solidly of a non-metallic composition instead'of being lined therewith and having a metal backing, as shown.

lt is also obvious that, as there are so many dilferent forms of carbon and similar nonmetallic substances or compositions thereof from which the plunger and other parts named might be made and work equally as well, it is not necessary to give any particular form or composition, as any .material or composition that is capable of withstanding the action and soldering effectv of a hard-metal alloy will answer the purpose.

The mechanism for operating the pump will next be described.

A driving-shaft His j ournaled in a bracket extension I of the supporting-base. A cam- Wheel J is rigidly mounted on this shaft and has frictional contact with a roller Z) j ournaled in the outer end of a lever K and lying in the path of the cam-wheel. This cam is cut out on one side to form a recess Z1', as shown in Fig. l. The inner end of lever K has a pivotal connection with the base, as at o?. The upper end of a rod g5 is secured to the under side of lever K near its longitudinal center. A spring QG is coiled and bears upward on rod gf. The lower end of a tubular rod d is pivoted to the upper side of lever K, as at d.

The lower end of a connecting-rod cl2 has a threaded engagement with the joining end of a rod d to permit of the same being shortened or lengthened, as circumstances may require in practical working. The upper end of rod d2 is pivoted, as at d, to the outer end of a pump-lever d4, provided with a fulcrum-bearing di in a bridge P, mounted on top of the casing or reservoir. The inner end of lever d4 is secured in the plunger-head S. A plunger-rod S extends. down through bridge P and has its lower end secured in the plungerhead. The upper part of the plungerrod extending above the bridge-support has a spring d coiled thereon.

The pump-plunger is shown in its uppermost position and the operation is as follows: As the driving-shaft is rotated, the recessed or low part of the cam-wheel J in due time reaches the outer end of lever K and permits the same to be forced upwardly by the action of its spring-bearing on the under side. This movement has the effect of forcing the pumpplunger downwardly through the medium of the connection described. The up or return movement of the plunger is accomplished by the automatic action of the spring d on the plunger-rod, which has been compressed by the plunger on its down movement. lVhen the plunger is at the end of the upstroke, a port e, Fig. 2, is uncovered and momentarily permits the molten metal to flow from the reservoir to the well-chamber. The plunger on its downstroke closes this port, cuts off the flow, and injects a charge of metal into the molds.

The mechanical means employed for imparting a reciprocating movement to the valveplug working in the injector-nozzle will be next described.

A second cam-wheel, g, is mounted on the driving-shaft and is provided with the enlarged part g@ A roller g2 is journaled in the outer end of a lever g3, the opposite end of which is pivoted to the base, as at g4. The upper end of a rod b3 is secured in the under side of lever gs near its `longitudinal center, the lower end extending down through the floor and being unattached, so as to hang loosely in position and permit of a limited endwise movement. A spring b4 is coiled on this rod and is adapted to be compressed when the rod is forced downwardly. An adjustable slide-plate 7L is bolted on the inner end of lever g3 and has the lower end of a rod h/ secured therein. The upper end of this rod connects with the outer end of a lever h2 and 'is secured on the top of the reservoir-casing by a pivot-bolt h3, Figs. l, l and 5. The inner end of this lever is connected with the valveplug by means of a rod h4. Vhen the enlarged cam part g comes in contact with and depresses the outer end of lever g3 against the pressure of its spring, it has the effect of tilting the upper end of rod 71, and swinging the outer end of lever h2 in the saine direction and withdrawing the valve-plug from its closed position, (shown in Figs. 2 and 5,) and permits of a charge of metal being forced into the molds by the action of the pump-plunger. lVhen the enlarged part of the cam passes out of contact with the outer end of lever g3, the spring gG forces the outer end of said lever upwardly, which has the effect of moving the connecting parts in the opposite direction and throwing the valve-plug into its closing position.

The movements of the two cams and connecting parts are so timed that the valve-plug IOO IIO

is Withdrawn and the outlet-passage from the Well-chamber to the molds is open When the plunger is on the doivnstroke and closed when it is moving in the opposite direction.

In my application, Serial No. 509,313, filed April 28, 1894, I claim a pump With carboncomposition plunger Working in metallic bearings. Those claims are limited to one form of the apparatus and one part of the pump. The present application is intended to cover a genus or class of inventions of which that application embodies distinct species.

I-Iaving thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. In a type-founders pump, the metalreservoir having a Well-chamber of usual eX- ternal construction, and means to -operate the pump, said pump provided With a movable Working part and bearing-surface therefor composed of refractory and non-adhesive material, these being respectively of corresponding expansibility under high temperatures, substantially such as described,the parts combined so that a close Working joint may be had and the soldering of the parts together by molten metal prevented, substantially as described.

2. A type-fonnders pump having a metalreservoir, a Well-chamber With a refractory and non-adhesive throat-lining of the character described, and a plunger, the plunger and throat-1min g being of similar capacity for expansion, and possessing the characteristic of non-adhesion to alloys, the named elements and their necessary co-operating adjuncts combined, substantially as described.

8. A pump for molten metals having metal- Well, heater, and operative parts, and a plunger and plunger-passage of carbon composi- 4o tion, all combined substantially as described.

4. In a type-founders pump, the metalchamber having a Welland passage therefrom, a nozzle at the mouth of said passage, and a valve-plug of refractory and non-adhesive 45 materials ubstantially as described,the named elements and their necessary co-operating parts in combination substantially as described.

5. The combination, in a type-founders 5o pump, of the metal-reservoir having a Wellcliamber with its neck lined With refractory and non-adhesive composition, a plunger of like character Working in said neck, the passage from the Well-chamber having a nozzle, 55

and a valveeplug of refractory and non-adhe sive material operating therein, and means for reciprocating said plunger and valveplug, all combined substantially as described.

6. A pump for pumping molten metal hav- 6o ing the usual metal-Well and heating apparatus, a driver for the molten metal and a passage for the driver having Wearing-surfaces covered with refractory and non-adhesive material of the described characteris- 65 

